PRAKTIK JUAL BELI HASIL TANI DENGAN SISTEM NOTA PERSPEKTIF MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA KABUPATEN GARUT (Studi Kasus Di Desa Margaluyu Kecamatan Leles Kabupaten Garut)

Abstract

The practice of trading agricultural produce using a “nota” (transaction slip) system has become widespread in Margaluyu Village, Leles District, Garut Regency, with this study focusing on its legal analysis from the perspective of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) of Garut Regency. The nota system is a transaction mechanism in which data on the agricultural produce, price, and transacting parties are recorded on a slip as proof of agreement, while payment and delivery of goods are often carried out at a later time. This practice presents the potential for uncertainty (gharar) regarding the quality, quantity, and timing of the delivery of the produce.This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach, conducted through interviews with farmers, middlemen, and MUI officials of Garut Regency. The findings indicate that MUI Garut considers the nota system permissible as long as all elements of the contract (akad) are fulfilled clearly and transparently, and no party is disadvantaged. However, in practice, certain cases were found to contain elements of gharar, such as unilateral price changes, unclear quality specifications of the goods, and delayed payments—conditions deemed contrary to the principle of fairness in transactions. Therefore, MUI recommends that the nota should include detailed product specifications, a fixed agreed price, and a clearly defined payment schedule in order to avoid gharar and ensure compliance with the Sharia principles applicable in Garut Regency.