Hermeneutika Ta’līq dalam Risālah Fī Usul Al-Hadīṡ al-Birkawī dan Implikasinya terhadap Kritik Sanad Hadis

Abstract

This study examines the concept of ta’līq al-isnād through an in-depth analysis of the classical manuscript Risālah fī Uṣūl al-Ḥadīṡ. Traditionally, ta’līq, which refers to the interruption of the isnād by an early narrator, is often regarded as a defect or weakness in the chain of transmission. However, this study critically interprets the concept using a philosophical hermeneutic approach, consisting of three main stages. First, a pre-understanding of the author’s life context and intellectual environment at the time of writing is conducted. Second, a structural analysis of the text’s meaning is carried out to identify how al-Birkawī conceptualized and positioned ta’līq within the framework of hadith methodology. Third, a fusion of horizons occurs, merging classical understanding with contemporary needs to assess the relevance of ta’līq in the modern context. The results indicate that al-Birkawī perceives ta’līq not merely as a defect, but as a deliberate strategy in the separation of the isnād, aimed at tarjīḥ (selecting the most reliable narrator), filtering the quality of the isnād, or exercising caution regarding the authority of early transmitters.